Abstract: The article discusses labor issues confronting building trade unions in the establishment of building and construction cooperatives in the U.S. Considerable discussion and experimentation has been witnessed in the 1980's involving new forms of worker ownership, particularly Employee Stock Ownership Programs, worker and union buyouts, and to a much lesser extent worker owned producer cooperatives. The industrial cooperatives are less common, although there were still about sixteen Plywood cooperatives in the Pacific North west by the mid-1980's.

　　Subjects: PRODUCER cooperatives; BUILDING trades -- Employees; LABOR laws & legislation; CONSTRUCTION industry; BUILDING trades; MANAGEMENT -- Employee participation; COOPERATIVE societies; UNITED States