【摘要】农民专业合作社是社会主义市场经济体制下的一种新型市场主体。它以农民自愿加入、自由退出为基础，以自我管理、自我服务、自负盈亏为运行机制，是农民群众适应市场经济要求的伟大创造。农民专业合作社的产生和发展，是社会主义市场经济条件下的制度创新，是在农村家庭承包经营基础上，对统分结合、双层经营的农村经营体制的进一步丰富和完善。农民专业合作社充分保障成员的合法权益，是农民自己的经济组织，是推进农业产业化经营、推进现代农业的重要载体。但是，现阶段，在农民专业合作社发展中存在融资困难、资金短缺的问题。作为中国的农业大省，山东省农民专业合作社也存在启动资金和发展资金匮乏的问题，制约了农民专业合作社的发展，狭窄的资金来源渠道和有限的资金积累，影响了农民专业合作社经营规模的扩大和更新技术的投入，由此造成农民专业合作社无法与专业化大公司抗衡，无法在市场竞争中取得竞争优势，极大地限制了合作社的正常成长。因此，了解农民专业合作社的融资现状、问题及其原因，探索出解决此问题的行之有效的办法和途径，积极引导农民专业合作社发展上台阶，加快“三农”建设步伐，无疑是建设和谐农村、关注民生的重要问题。为此，本文首先界定了农民专业合作社融资的基本理论，界定了农民专业合作社的定义、性质、特点和类型，然后指出农民专业合作社融资中存在的问题及其原因，最后提出解决融资困难的建议，为农民专业合作社发展助一臂之力。

　　第一部分，引言。此部分主要介绍本选题的研究背景、现状、思路和创新之处以及农民专业合作社融资的概念界定，界定了农民专业合作社的定义、性质、特点和类型以及农民专业合作社融资的概念和特点。

　　第二部分，农民专业合作社融资理论基础。此部分阐述了农民专业合作社的融资结构理论、融资成本理论和融资方式分类。

　　第三部分，山东省农民专业合作社的融资现状分析。此部分首先介绍了山东省农民专业合作社的发展现状和融资现状，然后指出山东省农民专业合作社融资的主要资金来源，进而对山东省农民专业合作社融资结构进行分析。

　　第四部分，山东省农民专业合作社融资中存在的主要问题及其原因分析。此部分提出了山东省农民专业合作社融资中存在的问题并分析了问题出现的原因。

　　第五部分，山东省农民专业合作社的融资原则。此部分阐述了山东省农民专业合作社的融资原则，即制定融资策略、选择融资渠道方式的原则。

　　第六部分，山东省农民专业合作社的融资建议。此部分从内源融资和外源融资两个方面提出山东省农民专业合作社的融资建议，较为详细地阐述了山东省农民专业合作社的融资渠道和方式。

　　第七部分，结论。此部分对整篇论文进行总结并得出结论，同时指出论文的不足之处及后续研究方向。

　　【关键词】农民专业合作社；内源融资；外源融资；股份合作社

　　【Abstract】 Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation is a new market type under the socialist market economy, which is based on the free will of participating and disengagement of farmers with an operational mechanism of self-management, self-support and assuming sole responsibility of profits and losses. This has been recognized as a great creation to fit to the market economy.

　　The introduction and development of Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation incarnates the system innovation under the socialist market economy, which also gives a further improvement for rural double-tier management system that combines unified and separate operations on the basis of the household-based contract system.

　　Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation is an economic organization for farmers, which was established to take full consideration and guarantees the legal rights of all members. The Cooperation is an important carrier for advancing the industrialization and modernization of the agriculture. However, there are some problems that existed in the process of the development of Farmers Specialized Cooperation such as financing difficulties and lack of money. As a major agricultural province, Shandong also have to face the similar problems like financing start-ups and fund pinch, which surely restricted the development of Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation. The limited fund sources and deficient fund accumulation have definitely given bad impact on the involvement of the management scale of Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation and the investment of the updated technology. This means Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation cannot be counterbalanced with big specialized companies , and then subsequently lose their competitive advantages among the market which surely would limit the normal growth of Cooperation.

　　Therefore, we need to get a deep understanding of the current financing situation, existed problems and caused factors, in a bid to explore the effective methods to actively guide the cooperation development to a further step and speed up the construction of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. It is critical to build new harmonious countryside and concern people’s livelihood.

　　Herewith, this thesis was presented to firstly definite the basic theory of financing for Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation and its definition, properties, characteristics and types. And then points out the existed problems among the current financing for Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation, and finally set forth on the advices and suggestions for the solutions in a bid to give a helping hand for the development of Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation.

　　The First Part: Introduction. This part was mainly introduces the research background, current situation, thoughts, new ideas and the definition of Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation.

　　The Second Part: The Basic Theory of Financing for Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation. This part expatiates financing structure, financial cost and the financing channels.

　　The Third Part: Analysis of Financing Structure of Shandong Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation. This part firstly points out the main fund sources for Shandong Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation, and then analyze their financing structure.

　　The Forth Part: Existed Problems and Causes Analysis of Shandong Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation. This part lodges the problems among the current financing situation, and analyze the factors that causes the shortage of funds.

　　The Fifth Part: The Financing Principle of Shandong Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation. This part presents the financing principle of Shandong Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation like Financing Strategy, and the Financing Channels.

　　The Sixth Part: The Advices of Financing for Shandong Farmers’ Specialized Cooperation. This part gives suggestions and advices for financing both inside and outside, which explains details of the financing channels and effectives ways for Shandong Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation.

　　The Seventh Part: Conclusion. This part gives a brief summary of the whole article and concluded on the topic of this research with desired suggestions on the flaws and weakness of this thesis.

　　【Key words】 Farmer’s Specialized Cooperation； Inner Financing； Exterior Financing； Stock Cooperation