【摘要】 合作经济组织是一个全球性的概念和实践主体。无论是在发达国家还是在发展中国家,合作经济组织都已经成为促进农村社会经济发展不可替代的力量。我国的市场经济发展到今天,虽然农业市场化程度得到很大提高,但农民并没有成为成熟的市场主体,小生产与大市场的矛盾并没有得到解决。尤其是我国加入WTO后面临着国外产品竞争的巨大压力,农业成为受冲击最大的产业。农民权益的保护、农业的发展和农村的稳定,日益成为制约我国经济社会走向全面小康的关键性因素。要改变我国农民在国内外市场竞争中的弱势地位,增强农产品的市场竞争力,就必须提高农民的合作化、组织化程度,建立健全农民合作经济组织,使农民成为有组织、高效率的市场竞争主体。农民合作经济组织不仅是提高农民组织化程度、保护农民权益、促进农村稳定和农业发展的重要主体力量,更是统筹城乡经济社会发展、建立和谐社会的重要组织载体。本文以农民权益保护为出发点,在分析农民合作经济组织基本理论的基础上,通过对国内外农民合作经济组织的实证调研与比较研究,结合我国的实际,对农民合作经济组织制度体系的建构进行了重点探索。首先,从我国农民合作经济组织的历史发展情况与合作组织理论入手,对目前农民合作经济组织的特点、类型予以简要归纳,然后分析农民合作经济组织的发展现状,指出当前合作经济组织存在的主要问题。并在上述研究的基础上,对当前制约我国农民合作经济组织发展的各种因素进行综合分析。其次,重点考察了以美、日、法、德等国家为代表的国外农民合作经济组织发展情况。通过对国外农民合作经济组织发展不同模式的比较分析,找出我国农民合作经济组织与国外发展的差距,从而凝练出对我国农民合作经济组织的经验启示。第三,以对我国农民权益保护的内涵、现状研究为切入点,运用理论分析、法理分析的方法,指出当前之所以对农民权益保护不力,很大程度上在于农民组织化程度低,并且没有自己的利益代表机构。通过探寻农民合作经济组织的发展与农民权益保护相结合的逻辑基础,提出合作经济组织是帮助农民进人市场、增加农民收入,形成新型的农民文化,提高农民政治素质,保护农民权益的有效途径。并总结出联结农民权益保护与农民合作经济组织的原理在于:社区发展权理论、科学发展观与和谐社会发展理论以及农民集体行动理论。第四,在对农民权益保护与合作经济组织关系理论研究的基础上,提出发展我国农民合作经济组织的初步构想和制度设计。主张应围绕合作经济组织的自身特征,坚持重发展与促规范、重公平与促效率、重服务与促协调六个理念和自愿入退;民有、民管、民享;合作、服务、教育;市场主导与政府鼓励扶持相结合;典型示范、多元化发展五个原则;进而建立起以资金制度、产权制度、组织制度、分配制度以及责任制度为主的我国农民合作经济组织的内部制度。最后,根据我国的实际情况,分别从多元主体互动体系的构建、环境支撑体系的优化完善、制度供给保障体系的架设等几个方面提出进一步发展我国农民合作经济组织的对策建议。

　　【Abstract】 The cooperative economy organization is a global concept and the practice main body. Regardless of is in the developed country in the developing nation, the cooperative economy organization all already became promoted the strength which the countryside social economy development could not be substituted. Our country’s market economy develops today, although the agricultural marketability degree obtains the very big enhancement, but the farmer has not become the mature market main body, the small-scale production and the big market contradiction has not been solved. Our country joins behind WTO to be near in particular the overseas product competition huge pressure, the agriculture is becoming is attacked the biggest industry. The farmer rights and interests protection, the agricultural development and the countryside stability, becomes day by day restricts our country economic society to move towards the comprehensive well-off crucial factor. Must change our country fanner’s in domestic and foreign market competition weak trend status, the enhancement agricultural product market competitive power, must enhance farmer’s movement to organize cooperatives, the organization degree , establishes the perfect farmer cooperative economy organization, causes the farmer to become organized, the high efficiency market competition main body. Not only the farmer cooperative economy organization is enhances the farmer organization degree, protects the farmer rights and interests, promotes the countryside stable and the agricultural development important main body strength, is plans the city and countryside economic society to develop, the establishment harmonious society’s important organization carrier. This article take the farmer rights and interests protection as a starting point, in analyzes the farmer cooperative economy organization elementary theory in the foundation, through to the domestic and foreign farmer cooperative economy organization’s real diagnosis investigation and study and the comparison research, links to our country’s reality, has carried on the key exploration to the farmer cooperative economy organization institutional framework construction.First, from our country farmer cooperative economy organization’s historical development situation and cooperative organization theory obtaining, to the present farmer cooperative economy organization’s characteristic, the type gives the brief induction, then analyzes the farmer cooperative economy organization the development present situation, pointed out the current cooperative economy organization exists main question. And in the above research foundation, to current restricts each kind of factor which our country fanner cooperative economy organization develops to carry on the generalized analysis.Next, inspected with emphasis take countries and so on the America, date, law, Germany as representative’s overseas fanner cooperative economy organization development situation. Through develops the different pattern comparative analysis to the overseas farmer cooperative economy organization, discovers Our country Farmer Cooperative economy Organization and the overseas development disparity, thus is concise to Our country Farmer Cooperative economy Organization’s experience enlightenment.Third, take to our country farmer rights and interests protection connotation, the present situation research as the breakthrough point, the utilization theoretical analysis, the legal principle theory of law analysis method, points out currently the reason that to the farmer rights and interests protection not strength, lies in the farmer organization degree to be low to a great extent, and does not have own benefit to represent the organization. Through inquired about the farmer cooperative economy organization the development and the farmer rights and interests protection unifies the logical foundation, proposed the cooperative economy organization is helps the farmer to enter the human market, to increase the farmer to receive, forms the new farmer culture, improves the farmer politics quality, protects the farmer rights and interests the effective way. And summarizes joins the farmer rights and interests protection and the Farmer Cooperative economy Organization’s principle lies in: Community right to development theory, science development view and harmonious social development theory as well as farmer collective action theory.Fourth, in relates the fundamental research to the farmer rights and interests protection and the cooperative economy organization in the foundation, proposed develops our country Farmer Cooperative economy Organization’s preliminary conception and the system design. The position should revolve the cooperative economy organization own characteristic, persisted the reproduction unfolds with presses standard, heavy fairly with to press the efficiency, the heavy service with to press to coordinate six ideas and to enter voluntarily draws back; Privately owned, the people manage, the people enjoy; Cooperation, service, education; The market leadership and the government encourage the support to unify; The model demonstration, the multiplication develop five principles; Then establishes by the fund system, the property right system, the organization system, the distribution system as well as the responsibility system primarily Our country Farmer Cooperative economy Organization’s internal system.Finally, according to our country’s actual situation, from the main body interaction, the environment optimization, the system supplies and so on several aspects proposed separately further develops Our country Farmer Cooperative economy Organization’s countermeasure suggestion.

　　【关键词】 农民合作经济组织； 农民权益保护； 主体性力量； 利益机制； 制度设计； 多元主体互动；

　　【Key words】 Farmer cooperative economy organization； Farmer rights and interests protection； Independent strength； Interest mechanism； System design； Multiple main interaction；