【摘要】 改革开放以后,中国农业生产力取得了巨大的进步,农产品生产基本能满足全社会的需要。1987年以后,中国的粮食市场就出现了“供过于求”的局面,其他农产品市场也时常出现积压滞销的现象,农民增收的主要矛盾已经从农产品生产领域延续到了农产品流通领域。至今,我国农民在农产品流通领域仍然处于被动地位,是农产品价格的被动接受者,无法参与农产品流通环节的利润分配。而农产品的流通领域中存在的利润远远高于农产品生产领域,所以要想提高农民的收入,就必须让农民参与农产品流通领域的例如分配。鉴于此,我国学术界已经开始重视对农产品流通领域的研究,并且很多学者认为创立农产品流通领域农民专业合作社是帮助农民进入农产品流通领域的有效途径。所以本文将对农产品流通领域农民专业合作社的发展历程、运营机制进行重点研究,以便促进我国农产品流通领域农民专业合作社的发展,最终达到提高农民收入的目的。本文首先在梳理和评析国内外相关文献的基础上,对相关理论进行总结,对农产品流通领域农民专业合作社作出科学的界定,为接下来的研究打好基础。本文通过对我国农民专业合作社以及流通领域农民专业合作社的发展历程进行研究,了解我国流通领域农民专业合作社的发展背景。本文对我国目前流通领域农民专业合作社在运营和发展中存在的问题,从组织结构、社会制度、经营管理等方面进行了深入的探讨和研究,并借鉴了美国、日本、法国的流通领域农民专业合作社的发展经验,为解决我国流通领域农民专业合作社存在的问题提出政策建议。本文提出的政策建议包括:加大对流通领域农民专业合作社的财政支持、健全和完善全国流通领域农民专业合作社运作体系、建立和完善农产品市场信息体系、扶持和培育大型龙头企业,提高农民组织化程度、建立和完善农产品的质量认证和检测体系、调整农业金融政策、健全流通领域农民专业合作社的法律法规制度。国内理论界对农业合作组织理论与实践、供销合作社改革、农村新型合作组织进行了大量的研究,并取得了丰硕的成果,但对市场经济条件下农产品流通领域合作组织发展的研究还很不够,缺乏系统性。所以,本文补充了我国市场经济条件下的流通领域农民专业合作社的相关理论,并对流通领域农民专业合作社的经营、发展具有一定的指导意义。

　　【Abstract】 After the reform and opening up, Chinese agricultural productivity has made tremendous progress, production of agricultural can basically meet the needs of society. After 1987, there was an "oversupply" situation in China’s grain market, and other agricultural markets often appears unmarketable, the principal contradiction of increasing farmers incomes had been from agricultural production continued into the circulation of agricultural products. Present, in the circulation of agricultural products, China’s farmers are still in a passive position, unable to get the profits of the agricultural products circulation. The profit of circulation is much higher than field of agricultural products, so we would have to let farmers to get more profits of the agricultural products circulation. So Chinese academics has begun to pay more attention to the rural cooperatives in circulation domains, and many scholars believe that the rural agricultural cooperatives about agricultural circulation can help farmers access to the agricultural market. So this paper will research its history and operating the mechanism, lead to develop the rural cooperatives in circulation domains.This paper appraised relevant domestic and foreign literature, and came to a conclusion of a scientific definition on rural cooperative of farm produce, which was the theoretical basis for the latter research. Based on the research of development history of rural cooperatives and cooperatives of circulation domains in our country, the paper demonstrated the development background of cooperatives in rural circulation domain. For the purpose of digging out the problems during the period of the development of cooperatives in rural circulation domain, the paper had a deep discussion and research on organizational structure, social institution and operational management, and etc. Meanwhile, the author made reference to the development experience of foreign cooperatives in rural circulation domain, such as of the US, Japan, and France, and finally put forward of several countermeasures and suggestions. As the following, the author suggested that the government should strengthen financial support, and ensure healthy and improved operational system and farm produce market information system. At the same time, the local government should support and foster large-scale leading enterprises, build and improve quality certification and inspection system to the farm produce, regulate rural financial policy and found wholesome institutions and codes for the rural cooperatives in circulation domains. There are many research about the rural agricultural cooperatives, but it is very few about agricultural circulation domains. So this paper will complement the theory of rural cooperatives in circulation domains, and can promote development of rural cooperatives in circulation domains。

　　【关键词】 农民专业合作社； 农产品； 流通领域；

　　【Key words】 rural agricultural cooperatives； farm produce； circulation domains；