【摘要】 本文试图通过讨论当代中国农村合作经济组织的变迁,把握当代中国农村合作经济组织在各个阶段的变迁特征以及其发展趋向,在此基础上对我国现行农村合作经济组织的进一步创新提出自己的见解。我国农村合作经济组织是不断地演变和发展的,这种制度安排既蕴涵着中国农村社会中制度需求的极为复杂的利益机制,又存在着中国农业与农村制度供给的极为特殊的约束条件,更体现着中国农村社会经济发展的制度前景。由于改革开放前农村农业合作化的失败使农民对合作产生了恐惧心理、对农村合作有些误解,加之我国的市场经济发展时间比较短,没有形成完善的市场经济体制等多方面因素,造成了农民自发合作的积极性很差,农村合作经济组织发展缓慢。基于以上考虑,首先,本文以历次中国农村合作经济组织的变革为主线,梳理出不同历史时期、不同历史条件下历次农村合作经济组织变革的阶段性特征,认为当代中国农村合作经济组织的变迁历经建国前农村互助合作组织的历史审视、建国初农村合作经济组织的发生、人民公社组织的起落、改革开放以来农村合作经济组织的重塑四个历史阶段,以期对当代中国农村合作经济组织变迁的历史过程有一个比较系统和整体的认知。通过对历次农村合作经济组织变革的原因、制度安排特点、绩效等的具体讨论和分析,勾勒出一个比较清晰的历史轮廓,开拓了新的视野。在此基础上,本文对我国农村合作经济组织的现状进行评价,分析了农村合作经济组织现状的多种类型和多样化发展趋势,并指出当前中国农村合作经济组织创新的必要性。最后,在分析以前我国农村合作经济组织发展障碍的基础上,结合当前我国农村经济发展的实际情况,对如何提高其吸引力,进一步发展我国农村合作经济组织做出较为科学、可行的建议,这将对我国目前形式多样,形态复杂的经济合作组织发展提供指导。

　　【Abstract】 This paper attempts to discuss contemporary Chinese rural cooperative economic organizations of the changes and grasp of contemporary .Chinese rural cooperative economic organizations in various stages of changing characteristics of rural cooperative economic organizations and the development trend, on the basis of China’s current rural cooperative economic organizations to further innovation Their own views.China’s rural cooperative economic organizations are constantly evolving and development, this system contains arrangements in China’s rural social system needs the interests of the very complex mechanism, there is also China’s agriculture and rural supply system bound by the very special conditions, Embodies China’s rural social and economic development prospects of the system. Since reform and opening up before the failure of the rural agricultural Cooperative farmers on the cooperation of the fear, misunderstanding some of the rural cooperative, coupled with China’s market economic development rather short time, not a sound market economic system, and other factors, causing farmers Spontaneous cooperation of the active poor, rural cooperative economic organizations slow development.Based on the above considerations, first of all, this paper to several Chinese rural cooperative economic organizations of the changes the main line, carding a different historical periods, different historical conditions of rural cooperative economic organizations successive changes in short-term characteristics of contemporary China that agricultural land property rights system after the changes Before the founding of rural solidarity organizations look at the history, public rural cooperative economic organizations of the occurrence, the people’s commune organizations ups and downs, since the reform and development of rural cooperative economic organizations of the four historical stages of remodeling. With a view of contemporary China’s rural cooperative economic organizations change the course of history have a system and the overall awareness through the various rural cooperative economic organizations because of the dynamic changes, the system of property rights arrangements features, performance, and so on the specific discussion and analysis, outlines a more A clear outline of the history, opening up new horizons.On this basis, the paper on China’s agricultural land property rights system to evaluate the current situation, analyzed the status of rural cooperative economic organizations of various types and diversification of development trends, and pointed out that at present China’s rural cooperative economic organizations of the need for innovation.Finally, in the previous analysis of China’s rural cooperative economic organizations on the basis of obstacles to development in light of China’s rural economic development to the actual situation on how to improve the attractiveness of rural cooperative economic organizations, further development of China’s rural cooperative economic organizations to make more scientific and feasible Proposal, which would have our country is diversity in form and shape of the complex development of the Economic Cooperation Organization to provide guidance.

　　【关键词】 农村合作经济组织； 制度变迁； 农地产权； 制度创新；

　　【Key words】 rural cooperative economic organizations； agricultural land property rights； system innovation； institutional change；