【摘要】 2005年10月党的十六届五中全会提出:“建设社会主义新农村是我国现代化进程中的重大历史任务”,并把鼓励和引导各种农民合作经济组织的发展作为我国社会主义新农村建设的重要内容。紧接着,2006年10月31日,第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议又通过了《中华人民共和国农民专业合作社法》,并于2007年7月1日起施行,从而为农民专业合作社的建设提供了法律基础,标志着我国农民合作经济组织的发展进入了一个全新的时期。近年来,山东省青州市积极创新农村经营体制,把培育农民合作经济组织作为保护自身经济利益,提高市场竞争能力,增收致富的有效手段,不断进行探索实践,农民合作经济组织得到了迅速的发展壮大,已经成为青州市新农村建设过程中最有生命力的组织形式和最有效的载体。截止到2007年底,青州市共成立了以互惠互利、联合协作、自我服务为主要形式的农民专业合作社205家。本研究以青州市农民合作经济组织为例,主要采用了个案研究法,辅之以问卷调查法和文献法收集资料。其中,利用访谈提纲围绕目前青州市农民合作经济组织成立的原因、发展的现状及出现的问题访问了相关部门的领导及南张楼奶牛合作社、南张楼果蔬合作社、诚信蛋鸡专业合作社和何官镇花桥张村绿色蔬菜生产专业合作社等四家合作社的部分成员;根据《农民住户生产生活情况调查问卷》中的有关农民合作经济组织的题目对青州市南张楼村50户村民进行了简单随机抽样调查,主要了解农民对合作经济组织的参与情况和感受;利用农民合作经济组织研究相关文献、青州市政府文件和具体农民合作经济组织典型材料的介绍找出了目前农民合作经济组织研究所达到的程度、可供本研究借鉴之处和青州市农民合作经济组织发展的基本情况。通过分析所收集到的资料,笔者首先概括了青州市农民合作经济组织的发展现状,包括其发展的总体概况、主要类型、主要特点和发挥的作用;然后分析了青州市农民合作经济组织发展的原因,得出了农民合作经济组织道路的选择是农民内在理性选择因素和外在政府强力推动因素两者综合作用的结果;最后结合青州市农民合作经济组织案例分析总结了其发展中存在的一些问题,并针对这些问题尝试性的提出了几点对策建议,以期对青州市农民合作经济组织的发展有所帮助。

　　【Abstract】 Party in the Sixth Plenum of the ten in October 2005 proposed: "Building a new socialist countryside in China’s modernization process is a major historic task", and take encouraging and guiding the development of various types of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy and improving the degree of organization of agricultural as an important element of building a new socialist countryside. Immediately after that, October 31, 2006, the Tenth National People’s Congress Standing Committee 24th meeting, it adopted the "Farmers’ Professional Cooperatives Law of the People’s Republic of China", which came into effect in July 1,2007. The law provides the legal basis for the construction of the Farmer’ Professional Cooperatives. It marks that the development of China’s Peasants’ Organizations of Cooperative Economy has entered a new period.In recent years, the government of Qingzhou in Shandong Province innovate management system in rural areas actively. And take fostering the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy as effective means which can protect their own economic interests and improve market competitiveness and increase wealth. By continuous exploration and practice, the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy has been growing rapidly and has become the most viable organizational forms and the most effective vector in new construction in rural areas in Qingzhou. As the end of 2007, Qingzhou has set up 205 major peasant cooperatives which take mutually beneficial, joint collaboration and self-service as the main forms.This article takes the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy in Qingzhou as an example and mainly uses the method of case study and supplemented by a questionnaire survey and Literature method to collect information. Thereinto, around the reasons for the establishment of the current Peasants’ Organizations of Cooperative Economy and their development and problems, I visited the relevant department’s leadership and some of the members of cooperatives, such as South Zhanglou cattle cooperative, South Zhanglou fruits and vegetables cooperative, integrity layer major cooperative, Zhang village Heguan town major green vegetable production cooperative and so on. An inquiry into the topic of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy according to "the questionnaire concerning the production and living conditions of Rural households" conducted by interviewing a random sample of 50 villagers in South Zhangloug of Qingzhou. The random sample helped us to learn about the peasants’ participation and feelings on the cooperative economic organization. Making use of relational literature of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy, the government documents of Qingzhou and specific typical materials introduction of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy, we find out the degree of the current research on the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy, the reference for the study and the development of the basic situation of the organizations.By analyzing the collected data, First of all, the author outlines the development of the status quo of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy in Qingzhou, including the development of the overall situation, the main types, the main characteristics and their role. Then, By analyzing the reasons for the development of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy in Qingzhou, the author concludes that the road of choosing the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy is the results of both of peasants’ inherent rational selection and external role of government’s promoting. Finally, by the case studies of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy in Qingzhou, the author Summed up some problems in the process of their development and raised some suggestions to solve the problems, expected that will help the development of the peasants’ organizations of cooperative economy in Qingzhou.

　　【关键词】 合作社； 理性选择； 农民合作经济组织；

　　【Key words】 A Cooperative Association； Rational Choice； Peasants’ Organizations of Cooperative Economy；