【摘要】 河南省制定了加快中原经济区建设的发展战略,提出了“持续探索不以牺牲农业和粮食、生态和环境为代价的新型城镇化新型工业化新型农业现代化‘三化’协调科学发展的路子”。要走好这条路子,必须充分发挥新型城镇化的引领作用、新型工业化的主导作用、新型农业现代化的基础作用。新型农业现代化是以粮食优质高产为前提,以绿色生态安全、集约化标准化组织化产业化程度高为主要标志,基础设置、机械装备、服务体系、科学技术和农民组织支撑有力的农业现代化。对比“新型农业现代化”的定义,农民专业合作社是完全符合推进新型农业现代化建设要求的,是一种很好的发展路子,值得大力推广和扶持。农民专业合作社将分散经营的农民联合起来形成组织,从而提高自身抵御自然风险和市场风险的能力,对于引导农民从事商品生产和经营,克服在市场竞争中的不利地位具有非常重要的作用。与农业具有弱质性①的特点一样,农户也有,农户的联合农民专业合作社也有,相较于其他行业有更高的自然风险和市场风险,政府强有力的支持是合作社发展壮大的重要前提。农民专业合作社是在“民办、民管、民受益”原则下组织起来的农民互助性经济组织。在某种程度上,合作社是弥补市场和政府之间的第三种力量,相较于企业,同政府的关系也更为密切,但是又独立于政府之外运行。在这种情况下,政府的“扶持、引导”是作为辅助性的措施出现的。政府能做的就是通过创造良好的融资制度、融资模式和融资环境,在基础的规章制度层面上,从国家宏观调控的层面上,调动社会的力量来关心支持合作社,为合作社参与融资提供各种便利,尽可能使合作社避开“天生弱质”,公平参与市场活动。此外,《国务院关于支持河南省加快建设中原经济区的指导意见》(国发(2011)32号)也提出“研究设立农村金融改革试验区,开展农村金融综合改革创新试点。”这就要求河南在农村金融改革方面,先行先试,先走一步。本文以农民专业合作社一般理论为指导,结合河南实际,分析了影响农民专业合作社融资的因素,从政府的角度出发,对如何破解农民专业合作社融资难题提出了对策思考。

　　【Abstract】 In order to adopt a more prompt strategic approach for the development of ’The Central Planins Economic Zone’, Henan Provincial People’s Government announced a scientific development pathway which would realize new urbanization, new industrialization, and new agriculture modernization, without sacrificing food output, agriculture production, and ecological environment. To take this pathway properly, new urbanization needs to be the guidance, new industrialization needs to be the dominance, and new agriculture modernization needs to be the foundation.’New Agriculture Modernization’ is defined as following:preconditioned by high quality and high quantity food output, the transformation of the existing agriculture system through modernized infrastructure, mechanical equipment, service system, scientific technologies and farmer organization to become highly streamlined, standardized, organized, industrialized as well as being approved green safe. According to the definition, the Farmers Cooperative could best assist the development of ’New Agriculture Modernization’, it is a great approach and deserve widely supports and promotions. the Farmers Cooperative would organize farms, who used to operate independently and remotely, to protect themselves against natural disasters and market risks and to overcome their disadvantaged position during market competitions.Farms inherit many weaknesses in nature through the agriculture industry itself, so does the Farms Cooperative. They have to withstand higher risks from both nature and the market than other industries. Dedicated government support is the prerequisite to the Farms Cooperative’s development.The Farms Cooperative an economical organization where farms to gain mutual assistance by adopting the principles of ’created by the people, managed by the people, and for the people’. In some sense, the Farms Cooperative is the third force to compensate the vacuums between the government and the market. Comparing with other enterprises, the Farms Cooperative is more closely associated with the government, and yet it is operated and managed independently from the government.Under this circumstance, the government plays the role of ’help’ and ’guide’ to assist the Farms Cooperative. What the government should do is to create a set of financial regulations, financial modes as well as financial environment, to gather supports and concerns for the Farms Cooperative from the entire society through the means of regulation and macro-economic adjustment, so the Farms Cooperative could avoid its natural weaknesses and compete better in the market.Moreover, the No.32 Document for the National Development and Reform Committee’the State Council Guidance Opinion on Supporting Henan Province to Accelerate the Development of the Central Plains Economic Zone’ also mentioned ’Examine the possibility to establish Rural Financial Reform Area, launch new trial of Rural Finance Comprehensive Reform’, which requires Henan province to take the first step in Rural Finance Reform.

　　【关键词】 农民专业合作社； 融资； 政府支持；

　　【Key words】 the Farmers Professional Cooperative； the Finance； the supporting of government；