当前位置: 首页 > 硕博文摘
贾伟强:基于反馈动态复杂性分析的“公司+农户”组织模式的合作机制研究
作者:博士 贾伟强;导师 贾仁安     来源:南昌大学—管理科学与工程;2006年获得学位     日期:2012-10-16  浏览:129

  【摘要】 农业问题是任何国家在任何时期都不可忽视的问题,对农业的研究是一个永恒的课题。通过20多年的改革开放,我国农村建立了以家庭联产承包责任制为基础、统分结合的经营制度,按照社会主义市场经济的要求,不断深化农村经济体制改革,农村的生产力获得了前所未有的发展。在新的发展阶段。绝大多数农产品出现了阶段性相对过剩,农业发展由单一资源约束转变为资源和市场需求双重约束,农业发展速度变缓,粮食生产出现下滑,农民收入增长缓慢,城乡差距进一步扩大。针对日益严重的“三农”问题,2004年中共中央发布1号文件,即《中共中央、国务院关于促进农民增收若干政策的意见》,分析了农民增收的严峻形式和促进农民,尤其是促进粮食主产区农民增收的紧迫性、严重性,提出了增加农民收入的基本思路和总体要求。党和政府明确提出,“三农”工作是一切工作的重中之重。 在解决“三农”问题对策方面,农业产业化是一条很有效的途径之一。其基本流程为:农产品生产→农产品加工→农产品销售→农产品消费。其基本组织形式为:农户+中间组织+市场。中间组织是农户与市场的桥梁,包括龙头企业、合作社、批发市场、流通专业户等多种形式。其中,通过互惠合同(即所谓的“商品契约”)实现龙头企业与农户之间连接的“公司+农户”模式占主导形式。研究认为,“公司+农户”模式可以一定程度上缓解“小农户”与“大市场”间的矛盾,它在维持农户作为农业生产基本组织单元的同时,发挥龙头企业的优势进行农副产品的加工、销售,并联接农户进入市场。既保证单元利益和生产特点又维持各自的独立性与自主性,适应市场网络和农副产品加工销售的规模性,给双方带来了利益。然而,在农业产业化初期,这种商品契约却极为不稳定,公司与农户之间的互相违约行为严重阻碍了“公司+农户”模式的发展壮大,建立公司与农户之间有效的合作机制具有重要的实践意义,从理论上对这种现象给予解释应该是一项很有价值的工作。 本文将公司农户的合作机制定义为:由公司与农户及其相关的多个结构部分或变量组成、循一定方式对公司与农户的协作行为和协作现象产生相对运动或影响,并随时间发生变化的相互联动过程及其运行机体。本文以系统科学理论为基础,运用系统动力学反馈动态复杂性分析方法,对“公司+农户”组织模式中公司与农户的合作机制进行研究,并以系统分析为基础得出相应的管理方针。 本文主要研究内容和成果有: 1 在流率基本入树建模法的基础上,构造了X-0-1行列式并利用其计算出一个确定复杂系统的全部基模。以此为基础,提出逐步删除法确定系统关键变量主导结构的方法。 Peter.M.Senge在其著作《第五项修炼——学习型组织的艺术与实务》中提出了系统基模的概念,并给出九个社会管理系统的有关基模,利用基模对现有的组织管理问题进行了成功的分析,使其成为学习型组织理论的核心内容。但他没有讨论一个确定的复杂系统的系统基模问题,未讨论系统基模的生成问题。 本文在系统动力学流率基本入树建模法及定义系统基模概念的基础上,构造了一个X-0-1行列式,在给出树向量的定义及运算法则后,利用此X-0-1行列式可以实现一次性……

 

  【Abstract】 Agriculture problem can’ not be ignored by any country at any time, and the research on the issue is an eternal subject. Through reformation and opening for over 20years, China has established the managerial system that base on the family-contract system and the combination of unity and division, and the productivity has developed unprecedented. By the late 90’s of the 20th century, the agricultural development entered into a new stage. The majority of agricultural products appeared periodical relative surplus. Agricultural development has transformed from former single resource constraints to the dual-constraints of resource and market demand. Consequently, the rate of the agricultural development become small, grain production falls, farmers’ income increase slowly, and the gap of urban and rural enlarged further.In view of increasingly serious ’SanNong’ issue, in 2004, Center Communist Party of China issued the No.1 document , which analyzed the severe situation, urgency and importance of increasing fanners’ income, especially who were in the predominate grain production areas, and also proposed fundamental suggestion and requirements of increasing farmers’ income. Party and Government directly put forward that "SanNong" task is the most important of all work.Of all solving ’SanNong’ solutions, industrial agriculture is one of effective method. The basic process of industrial agriculture is producing agriculture product, processing agriculture product, selling agriculture product, consuming agriculture product. The fundamental model is ’peasant household + medium organization + market’. The medium organization is a bridge between peasant household and market, it includes company, cooperation organization, wholesale market, and specialized circulation households,Some of the research consider that ’company & peasant household’ can alleviate the contradictory between ’little scale peasant household’ and ’big scale market’. This model can maintain peasant household as basic produce unit, at the mean time, it can develop company’s advantage to process agriculture product, sell agriculture product, and also link peasant household to enter market. It can maintain unit’s profit, produce character of agriculture product, independent character of each other. It can suit market web and big scale of processing and selling agriculture product, give each of company and peasant household profit.But at the beginning of industrial agriculture, this kind of goods contract is very fragile. The dual breaking contract behavior of company and peasant household seriously impede the development of ’ company & peasant household’ model, it is a profitable work to explain this kind of phenomenon in theory.

  【关键词】 系统动力学; 委托——代理理论; “公司+农户”; 合作机制; 反馈动态复杂性; 基模分析; 主导结构;

  【Key words】 System Dynamics; Principal-Agent theory; ’company & peasant household’; Cooperation Mechanism; Feedback Dynamic Complexity; Archetype Analysis; Dominate Structure;

中心动态
资源共享
合作名录