【摘要】 20世纪90年代以来,我国各地出现了许多农民专业合作经济组织,为农村和农业经济的发展注入了新的活力,为农村经济体制改革和农业产业结构调整提供了新的思路。当前,针对城乡差距大、农村环境恶化、农业生产力落后三大基本国情,国家提出了新农村建设这一方针。为解决三农问题,各种的农业政策相继出台。农村合作社等各种专业合作经济组织,也在这样的大背景下再次显示了它的活力。合作社由来已久,是农民自愿参加的,以农户经营为基础,以某一产业或产品为纽带,以增加成员收入为目的,实行资金、技术、生产、购销、加工等互助合作经济组织。它的最大特点就在于能够把分散的小农经营集中起来,形成产业规模。这一举措不但能够增强农业生产者的话语权,还能够实现规模效率,降低经营成本,从而实现成本收益率的增加。本文以农业产业组织理论、农村经营体制变迁以及农民集体行为选择等理论为基础,充分阐述了合作经济组织的产生、概念、理论及国际比较。在构建了理论框架的基础之上,详细分析了江苏省滨海县农民专业合作经济组织的发展现状、所产生的作用和发展过程中出现的一些问题。之后以滨海县草柳编织业协会为例,对影响农民专业合作经济组织创建和发展的一些问题作了深入地探讨。最后,根据前文的理论与实证分析,从外部环境、扶持政策、内部机制和经营服务等方面提出了进一步发展农民专业合作经济组织的对策建议。

　　【Abstract】 Since 1990s, a number of rural cooperative and economic organizations have rised up like the shoots in the spring, which injected new energies into the development of rural economy as well as provided new thingking about the reforming in rural economy system and industry structure. Currently, the gap between rural and burden areas is expanding, rural environment is worsening and the power of producing is laging behiand. Based on this fundamental situation, our government propses to building up a new country. And many policies has been brought up to solve these three agricutural problems. Under this backgroud, cooperative and economic organizations show its vitality again.Cooperative organization has been long-standing. Any volunteer can participate in the organization. Based on the operation and linked with one or more special products, member of the group help each other to achieve the purpose of increasing the revenue of the products. The main feature of cooperative organization is its ability to bring together the scattered small-scale farmers to form industry scale. This act will not only enhance the agricultural producers’ right to speak, but also be able to achieve scale efficiency, reduce operating costs, thus achieving cost-benefit ratio increases.Based on the theories of industrial organization theory, changing management system in rural areas and farmers’ behavior choices, this paper fully explained the emergence of cooperative economic organizations, concepts, theory and international comparison. After constructing a theoretical framework, we give a detailed analysis of based on a detailed analysis of development status and some of the problems arising in the process Binhai County, Jiangsu Province. And then we give a specific example to get futher disccussions on the factors that can affect the creating and developing of economic associations. Finally, according to theoretical and empirical analysis above, this paper gives some suggestions on developing the specialized cooperative economic organization.

　　【关键词】 农民； 发展； 专业合作经济组织；

　　【Key words】 Countryside； Development； Specialized Cooperative economic Organizations；