【摘要】 1978年党的十一届三中全会以后，我国对农业的经营管理体制进行了改革，在全国广大的农村普遍建立了以家庭联产承包经营为主的统分结合的双层经营体制，极大地解放了农村生产力，农村经济得以迅速发展，农民生活水平得到了很大提高。进入九十年代以后，随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和不断完善，传统的家庭联产承包方式因其规模小、经营分散，已日益显示出其局限性，一家一户的小规模经营与纷繁复杂的大市场经济产生了矛盾，为了解决这一矛盾，农民产生了联合起来搞农业的需求，农民专业合作社由此应运而生。农民专业合作社通过把农民组织起来，进行联合生产，共同走向市场，适应了现代生产力的发展，既降低了农户的交易成本，有利于保护农户的利益，又具有较好的社会效率，是我国农业经营管理领域的又一次创新。近几年来，我国各级政府不断加大了对农民专业合作社的扶持力度，将发展农民专业合作社做为解决“三农”问题，提高农民收入水平的一条重要途径，并制定了《农民专业合作社法》来规范农民专业合作社的运行，使我国农民专业合作社得以快速发展。

　　本文在分析农民专业合作社成因和功能等相关理论的基础上，结合山东省烟台市农民专业合作社的发展情况，对农民专业合作社的影响因素进行了深入的分析，找出农民专业合作社发展过程中存在的问题，总结其发展趋势，并对农民专业合作社的进一步发展提出针对性建议，希望能对今后农民专业合作社的健康发展提供有益的参考。

　　本文共分为六大部分：第一部分分析研究农民专业合作社产生的背景及意义；第二部分对农民专业合作社的功能进行了简要分析；第三部分主要介绍烟台市农民专业合作社的发展现状、特点、组织模式与运行机制；第四部分重点对影响烟台市农民专业合作社发展的几大因素做出分析；第五部分提出了烟台市在农民专业合作社发展过程中还存在的问题；第六部分在对烟台市农民专业合作社的发展趋势进行分析的基础上，针对存在的问题提出相关建议。

　　【Abstract】After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in 1978, our country has carried on the reform to the agricultural management and operation system, generally established the double-tier management system that combines unified and separate operations on the basis of the household-based output-related contracted responsibility system in the vast rural area throughout the country, emancipating the rural productive forces enormously. As a result the rural economy has developed rapidly and the living standard of farmers has been improved greatly. Since the 1990s, with the foundation and improvement of socialist market economy system, the traditional household-based output-related contracted responsibility system has demonstrated its limitation day by day because of its small scale and dispersed management. Hence the contradiction between the small scale management of individual household and the complex big market economy arose. To resolve this contradiction, the farmer had the demand to develop agriculture jointly and thus the farmer specialized cooperative society emerged as required. The farmer specialized cooperative society adapts to the development of modern productive forces by organizing the farmers to carry on the joint production and move toward the market together. It is another innovation of agriculture management in our country which not only contributes to protect the farmer's interests by reducing the farmer’s transaction cost but also has good social benefits. In the last few years, the governments at all levels in our country have unceasingly enlarged their support to the farmer specialized cooperative society regarding its developing as an important way to solve the problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers and increase the income of the farmers, and has formulated “Law of Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society” to standardize the operation of the farmer specialized cooperative society and thus enabled the farmer specialized cooperative society in our country to develop rapidly.

　　Based on analyzing the origin and function of the farmer specialized cooperative society and according to the development of the farmer specialized cooperative societies in Yantai city Shandong Province, this article carries on a thorough analysis to the factors influencing the farmer specialized cooperative society, points out the problems existing in its developing process, summarizes the trend of its development, and puts forward pertinent proposals for its further development, hoping to provide beneficial reference to its sound development on the days to come.

　　This article includes six major parts. The first part analyzes the background and significance of the farmer specialized cooperative society. The second part summarizes the function of the farmer specialized cooperative society. The third part mainly introduces the current situation, characteristics, organization pattern and operational mechanism of Yantai Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society. The fourth part focuses on analyzing the factors influencing the development of Yantai Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society. The fifth part points out the problems existing in the developing process of Yantai Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society. The sixth part puts forward pertinent proposals for the existent problems based on the analysis of the development trend of Yantai Farmer Specialized Cooperative Society.

　　【关键词】 烟台市； 农民专业合作社； 发展对策；

　　【Keywords】Yantaishi；the farmer specialized cooperative society；development countermeasure