【摘要】 农业是我国国民经济的基础，是关系国计民生和国家长远发展的重要产业，具有着举足轻重的地位。传统的农业生产方式已经无法满足人民日益增长的对粮食和农产品的需求，因此需要发展现代化农业，把先进的生产方式、生产设备和生产技术应用到农业生产中去，实现传统农业到现代农业的转型，实现农业现代化。

　　中央“十二五规划”中指出，要加快发展现代农业，坚持走中国特色农业现代化道路，把保障国家粮食安全作为首要目标，加快转变农业发展方式，提高农业综合生产能力、抗风险能力和市场竞争能力。同时，2012年中央一号文件继续锁定“三农”，以“加快推进农业科技创新，持续增强农产品供给保障能力”为主题，这是党的十六大以来，党中央、国务院继2004年之后连续发布的第九个关于农业农村工作的一号文件。温家宝同志在2013年两会的政府报告中指出：“要毫不放松地抓好‘三农’工作，巩固和加强农业基础地位。”这都为发展现代农业提供了政策支持和保障。

　　黑龙江垦区是我国重要的商品粮基地、粮食战略后备基地和全国最大的绿色、有机、无公害食品基地，在我国农业生产中占有十分重要的地位。同时，黑龙江垦区具有发展现代农业的资源优势和生产基础，现代化大农业正是在国家基于农垦发展“大农业”的资源禀赋和号召建设“现代农业”的特殊背景下提出的。现代化的大规模、大农机、大科技、大投入、大产业、大市场、大效益、大服务、大机制是垦区发展现代化大农业的特点，也是垦区在全国范围内率先实现农业现代化的优势条件，是为我国其他地区农业现代化发展提供借鉴意义的有力保障。

　　为此，本文从黑龙江垦区现代化大农业发展的实际情况出发，对现代化大农业等相关概念进行了理论界定，并对可持续发展理论、循环经济理论、绿色农业理论和低碳农业理论进行了梳理和研究，然后对黑龙江垦区现代化大农业的发展现状进行了分析，发现了土地流转程度低制约了农业规模发展，缺乏农业技术人才和高科技人才等存在问题，并针对问题从推进土地流转，加强农业机械化、农业产业化建设和提高农业科技水平等方面提出了解决措施。在研究方法上，论文采用了理论分析与实证分析相结合、系统分析方法、比较研究法、统计分析法四种方法，对黑龙江垦区现代化大农业发展问题进行全面研究。从而达到对问题研究透彻，提出的措施更加切实、有效。

　　通过对黑龙江垦区现代化大农业发展问题这一课题的研究，能够为其他地区农业现代化发展提供参考；为我国实现农业现代化提供理论依据；对发展具有中国特色的农业现代化具有一定的指导意义和借鉴意义。

　　【Abstract】Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy, is an important industrial related to thepeople's livelihood and national long-term development, has played a decisive role position. Thetraditional mode of agricultural production has been unable to meet the people's growing demandfor food and agricultural products, so it is necessary to develop modern agriculture, apply theadvanced mode of production, production equipment and production technology to agriculturalproduction, realize the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture andagriculture modernization.

　　Pointed out that the central "12th five-year plan", to speed up the development of modernagriculture, adhere to the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, to ensurefood security for the nation as a primary goal, accelerate the transformation of agriculturaldevelopment mode, improving the agricultural comprehensive production capacity, anti-riskability and market competition ability. At the same time, the central file no. 1, 2012 continue tolock in "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", to "accelerate the agricultural science andtechnology innovation, continue to strengthen the supply of agricultural products security ability"as the theme, this is the party's 16 big since, after 2004, the CPC central committee and the statecouncil issued the ninth consecutive no. 1 concerning agriculture rural work. Wen jiabao comradein two sessions in 2013, the government report points out: "to an unrelenting pays special attentionto the ‘three rural’ work, consolidate and strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation ofthe economy." All of this for the development of modern agriculture provides policy support andassurance.

　　Heilongjiang reclamation area is an important commodity grain base, China's strategic grainreserve base and the country's largest green, organic, pollution-free food base, occupies a veryimportant position in agricultural production in china. At the same time, with the development ofmodern agriculture in Heilongjiang reclamation area resources and production base, modernagriculture are put forward in the national agriculture development. Based on the "big agriculture"resource endowments and called for building "a special background of modern agriculture"Modern large-scale, large agricultural machinery, high technology, high investment, big industry,big market, high efficiency, great service, mechanism is the characteristics of modern agriculturein reclamation area of development, but also take the lead in the nationwide implementation ofreclamation area advantage of agricultural modernization, is to provide a strong guaranteesignificance for agricultural modernization development in other areas and our country.

　　Therefore, this article from the actual situation of development of agriculture in Heilongjiangreclamation area based on modernization, modern agriculture and other related concepts aredefined in theory, analysed and research the sustainable development theory, the circulationeconomic theory, the green agriculture theory and low carbon agriculture theory, then the currentdevelopment of large-scale modern agriculture in Heilongjiang reclamation area was analyzed,found the land circulation degree is low restricted the agricultural scale development, problems oflack of agricultural technology personnel and high-tech talents, and solve the problem from theland circulation, strengthen the agricultural mechanization, agricultural industrializationconstruction and improve the level of agricultural science and technology and puts forward thesolving measures hand. In the research method, this paper used the theoretical analysis combinedwith empirical analysis, system analysis method, comparative method, statistical analysis methodof four kinds of methods, comprehensive research to the problem of agricultural development inHeilongjiang reclamation area modernization. In order to study thoroughly, proposed measuresmore practical, effective.

　　Through the research of this problem of agricultural development in Heilongjiang reclamationarea modernization, it can provide the reference for the development of modern agriculture andother areas; to provide a theoretical basis for the modernization of agriculture of our countryimplementation; has certain directive significance and reference has the Chinese characteristic tothe development of agricultural modernization.

　　【关键词】 现代化大农业； 农业机械化； 农业产业化；

　　【Key words】 Modern big agriculture; Agricultural mechanization; Agricultural industrialization