【摘要】东部地区“龙头企业+合作社+农户”为主的农民合作组织发展的格局不同,西北地区村两委带动成立的合作社所占比例较高,许多县乡著名的合作社或样板合作社,都是这种“支部+合作社”模式。因此,对比分析“支部+合作社”与农民自主成立的合作社的治理绩效,对于深入了解西北地区农民合作组织发展的具体情况,指导农民合作组织的发展,有重要的实际价值；同时,有效的绩效评估对提高合作社的工作效率和服务质量具有重要的意义,通过对合作社所提供的服务进行满意度测评,进一步指出合作社在成长与发展过程中的不足和欠缺,以期在未来能够有目的地进行完善与调整；最后,在调查与分析的基础上,对比较有发展前景的合作社建议政府相关部门进行重点引导、宣传和扶持,要坚决避免某些主体借合作社之名进行其他活动的投机取巧行为,使得当地合作社真正能够成为带领农户发展致富的引领者。论文借鉴了美国密歇根大学Fornell教授开发的顾客满意度指数(ACSI),通过合作社的参与程度、民主管理、合作社所提供的服务三个评价因素,构建了一种基于满意度的农民合作社治理绩效评价模型,采用调查问卷与入户访谈相结合的调研手段,对农民自主成立的合作社与“支部+合作社”两种模式进行满意度测评,对比分析了两种合作社的治理绩效。研究表明,调研组调研的合作社成立时间普遍较短,成立合作社的外部驱动力强而农户自身合作意识并不强烈,在此背景下成立的部分农民合作社,提供的服务少,社员满意度低；多数合作社由乡村能人领办成立,普通农户加入存在门槛限制,贫困农户受到一定程度的排斥；政府的项目资金重点投向经营良好的合作社和涉农企业,偏向于农业产业规模等增加产出的“效率”目标,贫困农户被边缘化。即由乡村精英或贫困人群等不同的参与主体建立合作社,不仅会对农民合作社的内部治理绩效产生不同影响,也会对政府投入资源的分配方向产生不同影响。最后,作者对如何形成开发式扶贫与农民合作社发展的良性互动提出了具体建议。

　　【关键词】 农民合作社； 治理绩效； 满意度； 民主管理； 参与程度；

　　【Abstract】

　　The farmer cooperation's proportion which was established by village committees is higher,the noted and a fine example cooperatives are largely "Party-branch + farmer cooperationorganization" in county and township of Chinese northwestern, Which is different from easternregions with "leading enterprise+cooperation+farmer" as the main subject. So, in order to probeand instruct farmer cooperation's development, it's very important to contrastively analyze thetwo models performance management. Meanwhile, efficient evaluation is to be meaningful toraise working efficiency and quality of service. According to service satisfaction testing, we canfind the weak and deficiency about cooperatives growing and development in further, hoping toperfect and adjust purposefully in the future. On the basis of investigation and analysis, we advisethat relative branches must guide, propagate and support the attractive cooperatives, determinedlyavoid some people who opportunistic actions under the mask of cooperatives, causing the farmcooperation would be a true trendsetter to be wealthy.

　　This article has referred to the customer degree of satisfaction index which develops byProfessor Fornell(ACSI) of University of Michigan, has designed one evaluation model ofmanagement performance about the degree of members' satisfaction which is based on farmerscooperation participation, democracy management and services. Using the residence interviewsimultaneously coordinates the questionnaire, assessed satisfaction about the service which twokinds of patterns provides, respectively is “party-branch + farmer cooperative" and self-establishfarmer cooperative. Through analyzing the statistical data, compare to analysis two kinds ofcooperative government achievements.

　　We can conclude that the time of the cooperative organizations is generally short, the exteriordriving influence is strong, but peasants own cooperation consciousness is not very intense, underthis background the cooperative society established，the services which provide are few, and themembers’ satisfaction is very low. The investigative discoveries are including: the cooperativewhich organized by rural able-persons, have restrictions to farmer who want to join, and peasantrysuffered a degree of exclusion; Local government spends more projects funds to well-runcooperative and agriculture-related enterprise, meanwhile they pay more attention to "efficiency” which are brought by agro-industrial scale. The cooperative which create by different participantssuch as rural elite or the poor will produce different influences not only on cooperative'smanagement performance, but also the allocation direction of government resource injection.Finally, some suggestions on how to form a good interaction between poverty reduction throughdevelopment projects and farmer cooperative are proposed.

　　【KeyWords】 Farmers Co-operation, Performance-Management, Satisfaction,Democratic Management, Participation.