【摘要】 农业社会化服务体系是为满足农业生产的需要,为农业生产的经营主体提供各种服务而形成的网络体系。但就其目前的发展情况来看,农业社会化服务体系的供给尚无法满足农业生产的需求,对农民专业合作社进行培育使其作为一种有效的组织载体能够有效健全农业社会化服务体系。本研究拟在结构功能主义的框架下,依据社会系统理论将人类社会组织看作是一个开放、有机和动态的系统的指导思想,将合作社看作农业社会化服务体系的一个有机组成部分,对合作社的功能进行研究以促进农业社会化服务体系的功能发挥。基于此,本研究的具体内容包括以下方面：第一,合作社在农业社会化服务体系中作用的理论分析；第二,合作社的功能发挥现状考察；第三,合作社功能发挥的困境及成因分析；第四,促进合作社在农业社会化服务体系下的功能发挥的对策建议研究。本研究采用的资料收集方法主要有三种：文献法、问卷法、深度访谈法,分别用于收集不同类型的资料。文献法主要用于在对合作社应具备的理论功能的研究上,问卷法主要是通过对农户对合作社的功能发挥现状的认知、合作社实际提供的服务以及农户的评价来进行对合作社现实功能发挥考察的依据,深度访谈法则是主要对于对合作社有较多了解的相关政府机构人员、合作社的负责人以及核心成员来具体了解合作社的运行过程来分析功能发挥的现状。通过研究发现：一是合作社作为农业社会化服务体系下的一个服务供给主体,可以发挥一定的作用来弥补农业社会化服务的供给不足的现状,从而有效发挥农业社会化服务体系的功能；二是英山县的农民专业合作社发挥的功能不足；三是合作社的功能发挥存在着许多困境,主要表现为：农户对合作社的认同度不高、领导人整体素质不高导致合作社经营管理不善、成员异质性导致合作社内部冲突不断、民主管理制度与盈余分配制度不健全；四是合作社的功能发挥存在多方困境是由多重原因造成的,主要原因有：国家权力退出后的政府扶持不到位、合作社身份不明确、农民“善分不善合”以及农业生产经营要素的局限性；五是促进合作社的功能发挥可以具体针对合作社功能发挥的困境以及成因来进行有效实现。具体方法主要包括加大农业生产要素的投入以提高农业生产的积极性、准确定为政府的角色、充分发挥龙头企业的带动作用以及培育新型农民和职业经理人。

　　【关键词】 合作社； 功能； 困境和成因； 培育方法

【Abstract】

Socialized services systems for a culture are the network system that satisfied the need of agricultural production and provide all kinds of services for the operators of the agricultural. But just come to see the development situation of the socialized services systems for agriculture, it cannot satisfied the need of a幼cultural production, so cultivating the Farmers' professional co-operatives to be an effective carrier can help reach the goal.

This research is trying to in the frame of structural functionalism, basing on the guiding ideology of the social system theory that regarding the human social organization as an open and organic system, to research the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function to complete the socialized services systems. And then the contents of this research are: first, doing theoretical analysis the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function under the socialized services systems; second, the present situation investigation of the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function; the third, the analysis of the difficulties and the causes of the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function; And last, the do research on the countermeasure and suggestion.

The research has three ways to collect the materials: documentary method、 questionnaire、in-depth interview, they are be used to collecting the different type materials. Documentary method is used to collecting the materials that the function of the Farmers' professional co-operatives should be provided with. Questionnaire is used to collecting the materials that the farmers' expectation of the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function, services provided by the Farmers' professional co-operatives and the farmers' evaluation of the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function. In-depth interview is used to collecting the materials that operating process ofthe Farmers'  professional co-operatives from the government agencies related personnel, the head andcore members of the Farmers' professional co-operatives.

Through the research, we found that: the first one,the Farmers' professional co-operatives to be a subject of providing services under the socialized services system, it can come into play to promote the function of the socialized services systems. Second, the Farmers' professional co-operatives' function is limited in the research sites. The third, there are many dilemma on the aspect of making the Farmers' professional co-operatives intofully functional and they are: the farmers' degree of recognition are low, the low efficiency of the operation and management causing by the head' low quality, internal conflict causing by the differences between the members. The fourth, the dilemma are caused by many reasons, and the main of them are: the government support is not in place after the exit of state power, the identity of the Farmers' professional co-operatives is not clear, famers prefer disperse to cooperation and the limitations of the elements of the agricultural production.
    The fifth and the last, to promote the function of the Farmers' professional co-operatives can come true by solving the problems, the main practice are including: increasing input of the elements of the agricultural production to improve the incentive to produce, pinpoint the role of the government, into full play of the leading enterprise and cultivating new farmers and professional managers.
【Keywords】Farmers'  professional  co-operatives;  function;  dilemmaand  the causes;cultivation method